Last December, a conference of biologists gathered in Cancun, Mexico, to review a shocking finding. DeepMind, Alphabet’s artificial intelligence lab and sister company to Google, had beat a roomful of biologists in a contest to predict the shape of a protein based on its genetic code.
That might not sound monumental, but understanding the way proteins fold into three-dimensional shapes is crucial to helping create drugs, which often fight disease by latching onto proteins and altering the way they work in the body. DeepMind was able to predict these proteins’ shapes with significantly more accuracy than the many esteemed academics and professionals at the conference.
“It dawned on me that this is a field that people have been working in for decades,” Mohammed AlQuraishi, a biologist and researcher at Harvard who participated in the contest, told Vox. “The fact that a new group could come in and do so well, so quickly—I felt bad because it demonstrated the structural inefficiency of academia.”
It was startling moment for the drug discovery business: Could an outsider with little experience in biology really barge in and do science better than the experts?